Passage

Genesis 1

Verses 20–23 WEB Voices

Day five fills the waters and skies with living swarms. Verses 20–23 introduce blessing for the first time—“Be fruitful and multiply”—spoken to sea creatures and birds according to their kinds. Life is not an accident of the elements; God creates it, names it good, and sends it forth with His benediction.

Genesis 1:20

20God said, “Let the waters abound with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of the sky.”

Arminian

God said, “Let the waters abound with living creatures, and let birds fly….” Life fills seas and sky by speech. Swarm and flight are commanded abundance.

God likes living things. The word that made space now fills it; generosity, not scarcity, is creation’s first note over the waters.

Reformed

Waters are told to swarm with living creatures, and birds to fly across the expanse. Lifeless elements receive living offspring by command.

Affinity of water and air does not explain the miracle. He who made the world from nothing may bring birds from waters; the word is heard, and the seas teem.

Genesis 1:21

21God created the large sea creatures and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed, after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind. God saw that it was good.

Arminian

God created the large sea creatures and every moving living thing according to kind, and every winged bird after its kind—and saw that it was good. Even the vast and fearsome are His good work.

Wesleyan Arminians confess kinds and goodness together. Great creatures are not rival myths; they are created, sorted, and approved. The world’s wildness is not outside the Father’s art.

Reformed

“Created” reaches even formed life from the waters: great sea creatures, swarms, birds, each according to kind, all called good.

Kinds are God’s stable order, and the verb still names His work when He shapes life from the given mass. Nothing that swims or flies is self-originated.

Genesis 1:22

22God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth.”

Arminian

God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill….” Blessing is spoken enablement: fruitfulness is gift before it is instinct.

The first blessing in Scripture is life’s increase under God’s word. It is not a bare wish; it truly helps creatures do what they could not give themselves—while remaining a benediction, a kindness addressed to them.

Reformed

God blessed them by commanding increase. Blessing here is not human-style prayer; by His purpose He effects what He says.

Fecundity is infused by the word and rooted in their nature thereafter. The seas fill and birds multiply because the benediction took hold—governance as gift that works.

Genesis 1:23

23There was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.

Arminian

Waters and heavens now host blessed life, still awaiting land animals and humankind.

Arminians receive the pause as wonder. The God who blesses swarms will soon bless image-bearers; the week teaches us to see life as given, not seized.

Reformed

The fifth day closes on God’s clock, after blessing has already gone out to sea and sky.

Blessing and the day’s bound belong together. Increase is true, and so is the Lord’s timing; history does not run ahead of His “evening and morning.” The word that fills also measures the hours.

Historic quotes

Voices from both camps

The first blessing on living swarms of sea and sky: older Arminian and Reformed writers, each in their own words.

Arminian Notable voices

“Each day hitherto hath produced very excellent beings, but we do not read of the creation of any living creature till the fifth day. The work of creation not only proceeded gradually from one thing to another, but advanced gradually from that which was less excellent, to that which was more so. 'Twas on the fifth day that the fish and fowl were created, and both out of the waters.”
John Wesley · Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (on Gen 1:20)

Reformed Notable voices

“For we have before contended, that because the world was created, it was made out of nothing; but now Moses says that things formed from other matter were created. They who truly and properly assert that the fishes were created because the waters were in no way sufficient or suitable for their production, only resort to a subterfuge: for, in the meantime, the fact would remain that the material of which they were made existed before; which, in strict propriety, the word created does not admit.”
John Calvin · Commentary on Genesis (on Gen 1:21)

Quotations lightly abridged for length; wording follows standard English translations of the sources named.

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