Passage

Psalms 93

Verses 1–5 WEB Voices

The LORD reigns, robed in majesty and strength; the world is established, never moved. His throne is established from long ago; he is from everlasting. Floods lift up voice and roaring; yet mightier than many waters and sea waves is the LORD on high. His decrees are very trustworthy; holiness befits his house forevermore.

Psalms 93:1

1The LORD reigns! He is clothed with majesty! The LORD is armed with strength. The world also is established. It can’t be moved.

Arminian

The LORD reigns! He is clothed with majesty! The LORD is armed with strength. The world also is established. It can’t be moved. Wesley: Clothed—shown majesty; Moved—confusions overruled toward Messiah’s unmovable kingdom. Common reading: reign; majesty; strength; world established unmoved.

Confess the reign aloud. Stability of the world serves hope for the unshakable kingdom.

Reformed

Calvin: Jehovah hath reigned; clothed with majesty and strength; established the world. All admit he reigns in word; few use this as shield against the world’s assaults. Creation itself attests he will not abandon the world.

LORD reigns; robed; world established. Invest him with the power that belongs to him against trembling.

Key contrast Both confess "The LORD reigns" with majesty, strength, and an established world. Arminians typically emphasize Wesley’s forward-looking note: confusions overruled toward the Messiah’s kingdom that cannot be moved. Reformed interpreters typically stress Calvin’s present shield: few truly oppose God’s reign to hostile powers; creation proves ongoing providence, and God may sooner cease to be than cease to govern. Royal majesty now; hope that what he establishes will not finally fail.

Psalms 93:2

2Your throne is established from long ago. You are from everlasting.

Arminian

Your throne is established from long ago. You are from everlasting.

Eternity underwrites the reign of v. 1. The throne is ancient, and the King is alive.

Reformed

Calvin: throne stable from everlasting—as eternal in essence, so always invested with governing power; God may sooner cease to be than leave his throne.

Throne from of old; from everlasting. Eternity of rule matches eternity of being.

Psalms 93:3

3The floods have lifted up, LORD, the floods have lifted up their voice. The floods lift up their waves.

Arminian

The floods have lifted up, LORD, the floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their waves. Wesley: Floods—enemies of thy kingdom. Triple flood-lift of voice and roar.

Name the roar without granting it sovereignty. Enemies can shout; they are still "LORD" addressed.

Reformed

Calvin: floods lifted voice—whether Church’s foes or literal seas; noise is not imaginary; the next verse answers it.

Floods lifted; voice; roaring. Chaos makes noise under the King’s ear.

Psalms 93:4

4Above the voices of many waters, the mighty breakers of the sea, the LORD on high is mighty.

Arminian

Mightier than the voices of many waters, the mighty breakers of the sea, the LORD on high is mighty! Either reading: comparative might—LORD above waters.

Mightier is the sermon after the roar. High and mighty answers flood propaganda.

Reformed

Calvin: waves terrible by noise of great waters; Jehovah mighty above—superiority settled.

Mightier than many waters; LORD on high mighty. Reign (v. 1) is tested and vindicated at the flood line.

Psalms 93:5

5Your statutes stand firm. Holiness adorns your house, LORD, forever more.

Arminian

Your statutes stand firm. Holiness adorns your house, LORD, forevermore. Wesley: Testimonies—promises and precepts; Messianic promises; Holiness—befits thy people approaching.

Trust the testimonies; wear holiness in his house. Forevermore matches everlasting (v. 2).

Reformed

Calvin: testimonies singularly true; holiness the glory of thy house for length of days—sure word and consecrated dwelling under the reigning LORD.

Decrees trustworthy; holiness befits your house forever. Royal power ends in sure word and holy habitation.

Historic quotes

Voices from both camps

Classic Arminian and Reformed comment on Psalm 93:1–5, in the writers’ own words.

Arminian Notable voices

“Clothed—majesty and strength he always had, shown to all peoples; Moved—he will overrule confusions so they end in the Messiah’s unmovable kingdom. Floods—enemies of thy kingdom. Testimonies—promises as well as precepts, witnesses of his will; especially precious promises of the Messiah’s kingdom. Holiness—it befits thy people to be holy in approaching thee.”
John Wesley · Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament, Psalm 93

Reformed Notable voices

“Jehovah hath reigned; clothed with majesty and strength; established the world—it shall not be moved. Few oppose this shield to hostile powers though all admit in word that God reigns. Creation attests providence. Thy throne stable from everlasting—as God is eternal, so always invested with power. Floods lift voice—assaults on the Church or literal seas; the LORD on high is mightier. Testimonies singularly true; holiness the glory of thy house for length of days.”
John Calvin · Commentary on the Psalms, Psalm 93

Quotations lightly abridged for length; wording follows standard English translations of the sources named.

Keep reading

Genesis, Psalms, Isaiah, Daniel, Matthew, John, Romans, Ephesians, Colossians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Hebrews, 1 John, 2 John, and 3 John are live

Browse verse-by-verse notes—Arminian and Reformed, side by side—kept fair and close to the text.

Browse the Bible